undoing
英式
/ʌnˈduː.ɪŋ/
美式
/ʌnˈduː.ɪŋ/
推荐跟读21遍训练(美式),加强记忆
词典解释
English
the cause of someone's failure, or of someone's loss of power or money
Chinese
失败(或垮台、破产)的原因
心理学语境下的解释
Term专业术语定义
undoing
在精神分析里,undoing 通常译为:取消作用、撤销作用。
它指的是一种防御机制:当一个人产生了令自己焦虑、内疚、敌意或“不可接受”的想法、冲动或行为后,会通过一个象征性的、相反的动作,试图把前面的事情“抵消掉”“当作没发生过”。弗洛伊德在《抑制、症状与焦虑》中把它描述为一种企图把已经发生之事“吹走”的方式;Anna Freud 也把它列入经典防御机制之中。
英文词组举例
be someone’s undoing
→ 成为某人失败的原因;毁掉某人的因素。
英文句子举例
His pride was his undoing.
→ 他的骄傲最终害了他。
文献原句
“The two techniques I refer to are undoing what has been done and isolating.”
→ 我所指的两种技术,是“取消已经做过的事”和“隔离”。这句话说明,弗洛伊德把 undoing 看作强迫性神经症中一种有代表性的心理操作方式。
“It is, as it were, a negative magic, and endeavours, by means of motor symbolism, to ‘blow away’ not merely the consequence of some occurrence, experience or impression, but those very events themselves.”
→ 它仿佛是一种“负性的魔法”,试图借助动作性的象征,不仅把某个事件、经验或印象的后果“吹走”,甚至把那些事件本身也一并抹除。这句是理解 undoing 的核心经典表述:它不是单纯补救后果,而是幻想性地让事情“没有发生过”。
“To these nine methods of defence, which are very familiar in the practice and have been exhaustively described in the theoretical writings of psycho-analysis (regression, repression, reaction-formation, isolation, undoing, projection, introjection, turning against the self and reversal), we must add a tenth, which pertains rather to the study of the normal than to that of neurosis: sublimation; or displacement of instinctual aims.”
→ 对于这九种在临床实践中非常熟悉、并且已经在精神分析理论著作中被详尽描述过的防御方法(退行、压抑、反向形成、隔离、取消作用、投射、内摄、转向自身和反转),我们还必须补充第十种;它更多属于对正常心理的研究而不是神经症研究,这就是升华,也就是本能目标的转移。这句话的价值在于:Anna Freud 明确把 undoing 列为经典防御机制之一。